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Mean high water is the average height of（）.
A . The higher high waters
B . The lower high waters
C . The lower of the two daily tides
D . All high water
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The average of the forward and after drafts is the（）.
A . mean draft
B . true mean draft
C . mean of the calculated drafts
D . draft at the center of flotatio
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Mean low water is the average height of（）.
A . the surface of the sea
B . high waters and low waters
C . all low waters
D . the lower of the two daily low tide
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The Japanese,（）average, live much longer than the Europeans.
A . with
B . in
C . to
D . o
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the master of Utopia，（）owners，hereby declares general average and require all benefited interests to provide general average security.
A . on behalf of
B . in behalf of
C . in behalf with
D . on behalf with
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The way in which （） wrote "The Scarlet Letter" suggests that American Romanticism adapted itself to American puritan moralism.
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But today, our heroes are average men and women, “everyday heroes”_____ we can relate, people _____us.
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“Two Kinds” “The Bluest Eye” “The Way to Rainy Mountain” are respectively the masterpieces of the Chinese American literature, African American literature, Native American literature.
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What is the American Dream?
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It’s been calculated that by the age of 18, the average American will have seen 600,000 ads; by the age of 40, the total is almost one million.
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\the average man\=\the average number of the population\.( )
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Although states were allowed to coin money right after the American Revolution, they are not allowed to do so today.
A．fairly
B．temporarily
C．immediately
D．haphazardly
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The dog’s average success rate was
A．56%
B．41%
C．22%
D．54%
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The Beginning of American Literature
American has always been a land of beginnings. After Europeans 'discovered' America in the fifteenth century, the mysterious New World became for many people a genuine hope of a new life, an escape from poverty and persecution, a chance to start again. We can say that, as nation, America begins with that hope. When, however, does American literature begin？
American literature begins with American experiences. Long before the first colonists arrived, before Christopher Columbus, before the Northmen who 'found' America about the year 1,000, Native Americans lived here. Each tribe's literature was tightly woven into the fabric of daily life and reflected the unmistakably American experience of lining with the land. Another kind of experience, one filled with fear and excitement, found its expression in the reports that Columbus and other explorers sent home in Spain, France and England. In addition, the journals of the people who lived and died in the New England wilderness tell unforgettable tales of hard and sometimes heartbreaking experiences of those early years.
Experience, then, is the key to early American literature. The New World provided a great variety of experiences, and these experiences demanded a wide variety of expressions by an even wider variety of early American writers. These writers included John Smith, who spent only two-and-a-half years on the American continent. They included Jonathan Edwards and William Byrd, who thought of themselves as British subjects, never suspecting a revolution that would create a United States of America with a literature of its own. American Indians, explorers, Puritan ministers, frontier wives, plantation owner -- they are all the creators of the first American literature.
What does 'that hope' in the first paragraph refer to？
A．The hope that America would be discovered.
B．The hope to start a new life.
C．The hope to see the mysteries of the New World.
D．The hope to find poverty here.
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The highest paid people in America today read an average of 59 hours per week.（)
是
否
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In 2011, the average American earned about $48,000 while the average Nigerian earned about $1,200. Which of the following statements is likely？
A、The average American purchases more televisions than the average Nigerian.
B、The average American has better nutrition and healthcare than the average Nigerian.
C、The average American has a longer life expectancy than the average Nigerian.
D、All of the above are correct.
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In the last 500 years, nothing about people-their clothes, ideas, or languages-haschanged as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500's. Although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In Lon-don, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. The potato was the main food at Irish table. Thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the "Potato Famine"(土豆饥荒) of 1845～1846, and thousands more were forced to move to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world's largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia (埃塞俄比亚). It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400's.
According to an Arabic story, coffee was discovered when a man named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red fruits on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the "wide-awake" feeling that one-third of the world's population now starts the day with.
According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years？
A．Food.
B．Chocolate drinks.
C．Potato.
D．Coffee.
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听力原文：Nike is one of the most powerful marketing companies in the business world today, but it had very small beginnings. The global giant company stated in the 1960s with the company's founders selling cheap Japanese sport shoes to American high school athletes at school track meetings, using a supply of shoes they kept in their cars.
What is the purpose of this talk？
A．Introducing a product
B．Telling a company's history
C．Complaining a product
D．Promoting sales
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The foundation of American national literature was laid by the early American romanticists.
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Caution seems the watchword among the institutional investors surveyed in our latest portfolio poll. The allocation of money between equities, bonds and cash has, on average, remained at the same levels as it did during the third quarter. While Lehman Brothers and Commerz International have increased their overall equity allocations, Daiwa has increased its bond allocation. But given the slowdown in the American economy, it is the reaction of our investors to American equity holdings that is worthy of note.
While three of them, including Lehman Brothers, take a dim view of the prospects for American shares, the other four have either marginally increased their allocations, or have maintained them at the same levels as in the previous quarter. Lehman Brothers seems to have decided that the prospect for German shares is better than it is for American ones. Its allocation for American equities dropped by seven percentage points, to 45% of its equity holdings; while its German share portfolio increased by six percentage points, to 11%. Lehman's share allocation to America has dropped, even as its overall equity holdings have increased.
Daiwa and Standard Life are the other two that have cut back on American equities. But Credit Suisse continues to be a cheerleader for American shares. Following its ten percentage-point increase in the third quarter, the Swiss firm increased its exposure to American equities once again in the fourth quarter. Commerz International appears to share Credit Suisse's bullish outlook: its American equity holdings have increased by four percentage points, to 490. Julius Baer is extremely bullish on American equities, with 60% of its equity funds parked there. But the average American equity holdings, among our institutional investors dropped by a percentage point in the fourth quarter.
British equities seem to have become attractive—all our investors have increased their allocations. Credit Suisse, which in the third quarter cut its investment in British shares, appears to have changed its mind. It has increased its allocation by four percentage points, taking the total to 9%. On the other hand, Japanese shares have been given the thumbs-down: all our investors save Julius Baer (unchanged) and Credit Suisse (slightly up) have moved funds out of Japanese equities.
It is a relatively similar story for Japanese bonds, where everybody apart from Commerz International has either dropped their yen-denominated bond holdings, or kept them unchanged. Robeco Group seems decidedly bearish, for it has sharply, cut its allocation, from 24% to 15%. Lehman Brothers, appears to have got the timing right, by raising its allocation of dollar-denominated bonds in the fourth quarter. Its increase was followed by the Fed interest-rate cut on January 3rd. Will Lehman's bearish timing prove right for American shares, too？
Lehman Brothers______.
A．has increased its equity and bond allocation in America
B．pays less attention to the equity holdings because of the American economy's slowdown
C．is pessimistic about the American prospect and cautious about its allocation
D．is as bearish as other institutional investors
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Which of the following has the greatest liquidity needs on average？
A、Investment companies.
B、Non-life insurance companies.
C、Banks.
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In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage (抵押贷款) payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly earnings.
Other members of the autoworker’s family, however, might be less inclined to trade the present for the past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then. Throughout much of the 1960s, more than a quarter of men and women age 65 and older lived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.
In most states, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a credit card in her own name. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legal protection against family violence.
Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average, they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts (职位相对的人), while racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working-class families.
Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not to go back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. The spread of no-fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.
The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to improve the lives of the remaining 20 percent seems more realistic than trying to restore an imaginary golden age.
61. What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950？
A) They had less job security than they do today.
B) It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.
C) Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.
D) They were better off than workers in other industries.
62. What does the author say about retired people today？
A) They invariably long to return to the golden past.
B) They do not depend so much on social welfare.
C) They feel more secure economically than in the past.
D) They are usually unwilling to live with their children.
63. Why couldn’t black workers buy a house in a white suburban neighborhood？
A) They lacked the means of transportation.
B) They were subjected to racial inequality.
C) They were afraid to break the law.
D) They were too poor to afford it.
64. What is the result of no-fault divorce？
A) Divorce is easier to obtain.
B) Domestic violence is lessened.
C) It causes little pain to either side.
D) It contributes to social unrest.
65. What does the author suggest society do？
A) Get prepared to face any new challenges.
B) Try to better the current social security net.
C) Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.
D) Improve the lives of families with problems.
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The American victory in the Revolutionary War unit...
The American victory in the Revolutionary War united 13 of the English-speaking settlements into the largest and most powerful political unit in the territory , even though those first 13 states hugging the eastern coast seem small compared with the country' s eventual size. As a result of the Revolution ,approximately 71 , 500 people out of a population of some 2. 5 million fled the new United States. Some were Loyalists - political or economic refugees whose loyalties to Great Britain remained strong; others were blacks seeking refuge from slavery. Immigration and the commercial slave trade after the war quickly restored the population to its former level. The Revolution also opened up the area west of the Appalachian Mountains to settlement , as fur traders and farmers were no longer confined by British settlement restrictions. Pioneering citizens , immigrants , and slaves moved west , displacing Native Americans who had hoped to preserve their cultures undisturbed by the expanding United States.
The 17th and 18th centuries saw a growing importation of Africans into North America. After 1808 U. S. law forbade the importation of slaves from abroad , although some smuggling of slaves continued. Few people from Africa chose to come to the United States voluntarily (the free African population was small) because they were considered second-class citizens , and confined largely to the northern states. Large numbers of Europeans migrated to the United States in the early national period , drawn by the promise of freedom , cheap land in the West , and jobs in the first factories of the emerging industrial age. The influx of Europeans , the end of the slave trade , and the ongoing wars removing Native Americans meant that some of the racial diversity of the population was diminishing. By the early decades of the 19th century , a greater proportion of Americans were of western European and Protestant heritage than at the time of the Revolution.
Over the course of the 19th century , the United States gradually absorbed the French colonists in the upper Midwest and in New Orleans , Louisiana; the Spanish and Russian colonists in the South , West ,and Northwest; and the territories of the Hawaiian people and other indigenous groups. Sometimes these territories were added by diplomacy , sometimes by brute force. European visitors were surprised at the diversity in nationalities and in religious and secular beliefs in early America , as well as the number of intermarriages between people of differing European heritages. There were also cross-racial births , sometimes voluntary and sometimes by force , but rarely within legal marriages. The population continued to grow through migration as well , driven in part by English , Irish , and German settlers who came in large numbers around 1848 to escape political repression and food shortages in Europe.
31. The American independence made all of the following leave the new country EXCEPT ()
A. those who were hostile to the old colonialists
B. pro-British colonialists loyal to the old political system
C. those attempting to free themselves from slavery
D. those who fled on account of economic problems caused by birth of the new nation
32. It can be inferred from the passage that ()
A. slavery was soon abolished after the victory of the American Revolution
B. people didn't enjoy freedom of settlement in the West before the Revolutionary War
C. native Americans moved abroad in large numbers during the War
D. the western expansion destroyed the environmental conditions in those areas
33. Which of the following stopped the influx of Africans into the United States in the first decade of the 19th century？ ()
A. Large numbers of European immigrants.
B. Some smuggling slaves.
C. Legislation by the government.
D. Second-class citizens.
34. By (), the United States succeeded in obtaining vast land from other colonies during the 19th century.
A. military action and re-settlement
B. negotiations and re-settlement
C. military action and negotiations
D. negotiations and industrialization
35. Implied , but not directly stated , is the fact that () in early America.
A. there appeared to be many diverse nationalities
B. numerous different religions existed
c. marriages between European descendants were commonplace
D. marriages between different races were not encouraged or accepted
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Scholars around the world are convinced that more than 20,000 years ago,the first American settlers arrived in the continent from Asia to America, across a narrow land strip where the___ is today（）
A．Malacca Strait
B．Bering Strait
C．English Channel
D．Mozambique Channel
