-
Madame Curie’s（）encouraged many women to study science，and many of them（）
A . succeeded；succeeded
B . success；success
C . succeeded；success
D . success；succeeded
-
In the eighteenth century the heading of “natural philosophy” encompassed all of the sciences.
A . category
B . teachings
C . ideology
D . leaders
-
Sociology is the study of language in relation to（）,such as social class, educational level and so on.
-
What is the social setting of “The Chrysanthemum”?
-
The science of medicine, _______ progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all sciences.
-
the study of the spleen: ( )
-
2. The types of science fiction mentioned in the lecture are ____.
-
Be sure not to let your social activities get ________ the way of your studies.
-
The ( )of outer space is one of the greatest triumphs of modern science.
-
New educational trend have emerged in the humanities and social sciences that stress（）
A．the role of reading
B．good academic record
C．professor’s illustration
D．the student’s participation
-
According to the social workers' study, one of the problems that elderly people have to consider is _ .
[A]jobs and businesses
[B] living expenses
[C] change of life-styles
[D] separation from adult children
-
The theme of the majority of science fiction films made between 1970 and 1977 was ______.
A．space travel
B．life on other planets
C．ecological problems on earth
D．wars between the earth and other planets
此题为多项选择题。
-
All of the following issues lie inside the province of science EXCEPT ______.
A．value
B．knowledge
C．feeling
D．infliction
-
All of the following issues lie inside the province of science EXCEPT______.
A．value
B．knowledge
C．feeling
D．infliction
-
Oceanography has been defined as "The application of all sciences to the study of the sea". Before the nineteenth century, scientists with an interest in the sea were few and far between.
Certainly Newton considered some theoretical aspects of it in his writings, but he was reluctant to go to sea to further his work.
For most people the sea was remote, and with the exception of early intercontinental travelers or others who earned a living from the sea, there was little reason to ask many questions about it, let alone to ask what lay beneath the surface. The first time that the question "what is at the bottom of the oceans？" Had to be answered with any commercial consequence was when the laying of a telegraph cable from Europe to America was proposed. The engineers had to know the depth profile of the route to estimate the length of cable that had to be manufactured.
It was to Maury of the US Navy that the Atlantic Telegraph Company turned, in 1853, for information on this matter. In the 1840s, Maury had been responsible for encouraging voyages during which soundings were taken to investigate the depths of the North Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Later, some of his findings aroused much popular interest in his book The Physical Geography of the Sea.
The cable was laid, but not until 1866 was the connection made permanent and reliable. At the early attempts, the cable failed and when it was taken out for repairs it was found to be covered in living growths, a fact which defied contemporary scientific opinion that there was no life in the deeper parts of the sea.
Within a few years oceanography was under way. In 1872 Thomson led a scientific expedition, which lasted four years and brought home thousands of samples from the sea.
Their classification and analysis occupied scientists for years and led to a fivevolume report, the last volume being published in 1895.
The proposal to lay a telegraph cable from Europe to America made oceanographic studies take on ______.
A．an academic aspect
B．a military aspect
C．a business aspect
D．an international aspect
-
听力原文： I would like to begin by welcoming everybody from the many different countries who have been kind enough to join us today. You are very welcome to the UK and I hope that you find your trip worthwhile- we are certainly grateful for your contribution to this debate. I consider the question of how we harness the potential of technological change—alongside the related question of science, to be the fundamental economic and social challenge of our future. What we do with information technology and how we use it will determine our success industrially and as a society for years to come.
(88)
-
Passage Four：Questions 66 to 70 are based on the following passage.Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles (困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off (挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移…注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support—financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
第66题：Interpersonal relationships are important because ________.
A) they are indispensable to people’s social well-being
B) they awaken people’s desire to exchange resources
C) they help people to cope with life in the information era
D) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc
-
Many science reports discuss medical studies that test the effect of a new drug. Usually, a large number of people is divided into two groups. Each group takes a different substance. But no one knows which group is getting which substance. One group takes the medicine being tested. Another group takes what we call an inactive substance. Medical researchers call this substance a "placebo." The word "placebo" is Latin for "I shall please." Placebo pills(宽心丸)usually are made of sugar.
Using placebos to test drugs sometimes has a surprising result. Researchers say people taking the placebo often report improvements in their health. This is known as "the placebo effect"--pain that is eased or stopped by an inactive substance. In such testing, the drug must perform. better than the placebo to prove that it is effective.
Doctors have reported that the placebo effect can be used in treatment. For example, a doctor tells a patient that a new drug will stop the pain in his leg. The pill is only sugar. But the patient does not know that. He takes the pill and says his pain is gone.
Scientists are beginning to discover some physical reasons for this reaction in some people. They are learning that much of what people believe to be true comes from what the brain expects is going to happen. If the brain believes a drug will ease pain, the brain may begin physical changes in the body that can cause the expected effect. A recent examination of studies on drugs for depression found that placebos eased the depression about as well as the active drugs.
Other studies have explored the power of placebos. A study in Japan involved thirteen
people who reacted to the poison ivy (常青藤)plant. Poison-ivy causes red itchy sores(伤痕)on some people who touch it. Each person was rubbed on one arm with a harmless leaf, but was told it was poison ivy. Each person was then touched on the other arm with poison ivy, but was told it was a harmless leaf. All thirteen people developed a reaction on the arm where the harmless leaf touched their skin. Only two reacted to the poison ivy leaves.
Doctors and scientists worry that the use of placebos may not always be harmless. They say people can become victims of false doctors and others who use placebos to claim they can cure disease.
What do medical researchers usually use to make placebo pills？
A．Ivy leaves.
B．Harmless leaves.
C．Medicine being tested.
D．sugar.
-
The 'true enemies of science, argues Paul Ehrllch of Stanford University, a pioneer of environmental studies, are those who question the evidence supporting global warming, the depletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.(英译中)
-
On a cold and rainy day last February, Bruce Alberts wore a grim expression as he stepped up to the microphones to make his statement at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C.1. The final results of the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) had just been released, and America's high school seniors had placed near the back of tile pack.
"There is no excuse for this, "President Bill Clinton had already chided." These results are, entirely unacceptable, "admonished the secretary of education. The head of the National Education Association declared U.S. schools to be in a state of crisis. And now Alberts, president of the National Academy of Sciences, said that he, too, saw in this report "all the elements of an education tragedy."
"Americans have always risen to a crisis," he added. "We see clearly that the future is threatened. 2. Let us act now to heed this important wake-up call." And so, with editorial writers and educators across the country obligingly sounding the alarm, American education lurched yet again into crisis mode.
It is a cyclical ritual, repeated in every decade since the 1940s, observes Gregory William of the University of Toledo. 3. The launch of Sputnik in 1957 set off an orgy of anxiety culminating in Admiral Hyman Rickover's 1963 book American Education, A National Failure, in which he famously predicted that "the Russians will bury us" thanks to their more rigorous science and math courses. 4. Beginning with the 1983 publication of A Nation at Risk, one blue-ribbon panel after another warned that massive educational failure had ceded the United State's technological lead to Japan and other competitors—a conclusion that proved premature.
5. Although the particulars vary from one education crisis to the next, the episodes are connected by common threads. Each has surged into public discourse on an unrelenting torrent of angst flowing from the educational research profession, William says. Combing through the education literature of the past 30 years, he recently turned up more than 4,000 articles and books in which scholars declared some sort of crisis in the schools—but rarely bothered to spell out what cataclysm was imminent. Each episode has also eaten away at public confidence in schools, which fell 38 percent from 1973 to 1996, according to surveys by the National Opinion Research Center.
-
Computers have aided in the study of humanities for almost as long as the machines have existed. Decades ago, when the technology consisted solely of massive, number-crunching mainframe. computers, the chief liberal arts applications were in compiling statistical indexes of works of literature. In 1964, IBM held a conference on computers and the humanities where, according to a 1985 article in the journal Science, "most of the conferees were using compeers to compile concordances, which are alphabetical indices used in literary research."
Mainframe. computers helped greatly in the highly laborious task, which dates back to the Renaissance, of cataloging each reference of a particular word in a particular work. Concordances help scholars scrutinize important texts for patterns and meaning. Other humanities applications for computers in this early era of technology included compiling dictionaries, especially for forei8n or antiquated languages, and cataloging library collections.
Such types of computer usage in the humanities may seem limited at first, but they have produced some interesting re suits in the last few years and promise to continue to do so. As computer use and access have grown, so has the number of digitized texts of classic literary works.
The computer-hosed study of literary texts has established its own niche in academia. Donald Foster, an English professor at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York, is one of the leaders in textual scholarship. In the late 1980s Foster created SHAXICON, a database that tracks all the "rare" words used by English playwright William Shakespeare. Each of these words appears in any individual Shakespeare play no more than 12 times. The words can then be cross-referenced with some 2,000 other poetic texts, allowing experienced researchers to explore when they were written, who wrote them, how the author was influenced by the works of other writers, and how the texts changed as they were reproduced over the centuries.
In late 1995 Foster’s work attracted widespread notice when he claimed that Shakespeare was the anonymous author of an obscure 578-1ine poem, A Funeral Elegy (1612). Although experts had made similar claims for other works in the past, Foster gained the backing of a number of prominent scholars because of his computer-based approach. If Foster’s claim holds up to long-term judgment, the poem will be one of the few additions to the Shakespearean canon in the last 100 years.
Foster’s work gained further public acclaim and validation when he was asked to help identify the anonymous author of the heat-selling political novel Primary Colors (1996). After using his computer program to compare the stylistic traits of various writers with those in the novel, Foster tabbed journalist Joe Klein as the author. Soon after, Klein admitted that he was the author. Foster was also employed as an expert in the case of the notorious Unabomber, a terrorist who published an anonymous manifesto in several major newspapers in 1995.
Foster is just one scholar who has noted the coming of the digital age and what it means for traditional fields such as literature. "For traditional learning and humanistic scholarship to be preserved, it, too, must be digitized," he wrote in a scholarly paper. "The future success of literary scholarship depends on our ability to integrate those electronic texts with our ongoing work as scholars and teachers, and to exploit fully the advantages offered by the new medium."
Foster noted that people can now study Shakespeare via Internet Shakespeare Editions, using the computer to compare alternate wordings in different versions and to consult editorial footnotes, literary criticism, stage history, explanatory graphics, video clips, theater reviews, and archival records. Novelist and literary journalist Gregory Feeley noted that "the simplest (and least radic
A．computers have not been very helpful in humanities study until recently
B．computers were widely used in all kinds of literary texts very long ago
C．computers were invented by International Business Machines Corporation
D．computers began to be used for literary study as soon as they were invented
-
What is the thesis concerning the dilemma of social conscience？
A．Corruption parallels modern development.
B．Modem history will move to a fair state and virtue will follow.
C．How to qualify virtue within the context of social decline and bourgeois culture.
D．Contradictions of virtue and ethos will fade in time.
此题为多项选择题。
-
Mathematics （) a study or science of numbers.
A.is
B.are
C.be
D.were
-
Which of the following belong to buildings of social institutions?
A．The Temple of South China Sea GoD
B．The arcaded building.
C．The Foshan Ancestral temple
D．Guangzhou Zhenhai tower.
此题为多项选择题。
