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21. What have the retail research and surveys revealed about self-gifting?
A . It hasn‘t helped improve balance sheets.
B . It is an age-old practice for most Americans.
C . It has been on the rise since the recent recession began.
D . It has reflected the American tradition of self-abnegation.
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Researchers have suggested that a foreign sugar molecule on a cell surface might stimulate the _________ to destroy it.
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Research workers have classified chip formation into tear and shear.
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Research universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientifichardware ________ price.
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Various researches have determined thatthe biggest wave load appears when awave length is _____ the ship’s length.
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Students will:1)discuss the topics they would include in the Pre-reading Activities;2)research other cultures and their behavior;3)discuss what they have learned from their research.()
此题为判断题(对，错)。
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If you want stay young, sit down and have a good think. This is the research finding of a team of Japanese doctors, who say that most our brains are not getting enough exercises—and as a result, we are ageing unnecessarily soon.
Professor Taiju Matsuzawa wanted to find out why otherwise healthy farmers in northern Japan appeared to be losing their ability to think and reason at a relatively early age, and how the process of ageing could be slowed down.
With a team a colleague (同事) at Tokyo National University, he set about measuring brain volumes of a thousand people of different ages and varying occupations.
" Computer technology enabled the researchers to obtain precise (精确的) measurements of the volume of the front and side sections of the brain, which relate to intellect (智能) and emotion, and determine the human character. " The rear section of the brain, which controls functions like eating and breathing, does not contract with age, and one can continue living without intellectual or emotional facilities.
Contraction of front and side parts—as cells die off—was observed in some subjects in their thirties, but it was still not evident in some sixty- and seventy-year-olds.
Matsuzawa concluded from his tests that there is a simple remedy to the contraction normally associated with age—using the head.
The findings show in general terms that contraction of the brain begins sooner in people in the country than in the towns. Those least at risk, says Matsuzawa, are lawyers, followed by university professors and doctors. White collar workers doing routine work in government offices are, however, as likely to have shrinking brains as the farm workers, bus drivers and shop assistants.
Matsuzawa's findings show that thinking can prevent the brain from shrinking. Blood must circulate properly in the head to supply the fresh oxygen the brain cells need. "The best way to maintain good blood circulation is through using the brain, " he says, "Think hard and engage in conversation. Don't rely on pocket calculators.
The team of doctors wanted to find out______.
A．how to make people live longer
B．the size of certain people's brains
C．which people are most intelligent
D．why certain people age sooner than others
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听力原文：F: Have you started researching your paper on computer programming languages of the future？
M: To tell you the troth, I've been putting it off.
Q: What does the man mean？
(15)
A．He has finished the paper.
B．He put his paper somewhere else.
C．He forgot to begin researching his paper.
D．He postponed the research.
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People have done a lot of research on the mechanism which makes some bacteria move.
A．Right
B．Wrong
C．Not mentioned
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Researchers have found that happiness doesn’t appear to be anyone’s; the capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself.
A) disposal
B) domain
C) heritage
D) hostage
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It is found by the Pew Research Center that more and more of the least educated men_____． A)earn less than their wives B)are declined by white-collar women C)refuse to malty white-collar women D)have to remain single
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Researchers have found that happiness doesn‘t appear to be anyone‘s__________ the capacity for joy is a talent you develop largely for yourself.
A.hostage
B.domain
C.heritage
D.disposal
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Our research confirmed the__________ that when children have many different caregivers， important aspects of their development are liable to be overlooked.
A.syndrome
B.synthesis
C.hierarchy
D.hypothesis
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Potentially offering a powerful new tool against terrorism, researchers have found a novel way to detect deception: in the liar's blushing face.
The technique, described in the journal, Nature, uses a thermal camera to detect sudden, involuntary shifts of blood flow in the face. The system performed as accurately as a traditional polygraph, the scientists report.
Yet the camera can provide answers instantly, and does not require a highly trained specialist to operate it or interpret its results. This makes it far better suited than the polygraph for a new, high-tech approach to security that is already raising the hackles of civil libertarians: the screening of large numbers of citizens, at airports and other sensitive areas, who have done nothing wrong.
"The next decade is going to see the development of truly accurate lie detectors," said Stephen M. Kosslyn, an expert on detecting lies and a professor of psychology at Harvard University.
The prototype, built by researchers at the Mayo Clinic and Honeywell Laboratories in Minnesota, is at least 2 years from being ready for general use. But other scientists said the discovery of previously unknown physiological changes in the face was itself an important step forward.
"This is potentially very important work, which may open a new window on the mind," said Kosslyn.
Pushed by technological advances, and with fresh interest, since Sept. 11, the discovery is part of a boom in the scientific study of deceit and its detection. Although the lie remains a mysterious phenomenon, researchers in recent years have found a number of new approaches that might replace the polygraph, from brain scans, to subtle changes in eye movement, to sparks of electrical activity that signal a person has seen a victim or a crime scene before.
The new finding, though, is remarkable for its simplicity. When a person tells a lie, the team found, there is a sudden rush of blood to the area around the eyes, according to the Mayo Clinic's Dr. James A. Levine. Although the change is not: ordinarily visible, the blood warms the skin, causing hands of color to appear through a camera sensitive to heat.
The team devised a computer program that can identify the telltale changes based on the camera images. In testing at the US Department of Defense Polygraph Institute, which trains federal polygraph examiners, the device performed better than polygraphs, with 85 percent accuracy compared with 70 percent for the polygraph.
Compared with a traditional polygraph a thermal camera ______.
A．can show accurate results
B．can easily be handled by anybody
C．is a high-tech approach to security
D．is used to fight against terrorism
此题为多项选择题。
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In order that they can save these species, members of wildlife teams have reared the young in the safety research stations.
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听力原文：Italian scientists have raised new health concerns about the safety of using mobile phones, with research showing radio waves from the handsets makes cancerous cells grow more aggressively. When Fiorenzo Marinelli and his colleagues at the National Research Council in Bologna exposed leukemia cells in the laboratory to 48 hours of continuous radio waves they initially killed the cancer cells but then made the surviving tumor cells replicate more rapidly.
We don't know what the effects would be on healthy human cells, Marinelli told New Scientist magazine. In the Italian study, after 24 hours 20 percent more leukemia cells died than healthy cells but longer exposure to the radio waves triggered genes in the surviving cancer cells to divide aggressively.
The results of the study do not show any direct threat to human health but they support the belief of some scientists who say radiation can damage DNA and destroy the cell repair system, thus making tumors more deadly. But animal studies, including recent research by Australian scientists at the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science in Adelaide, have shown that radiation from mobile phones does not trigger the growth of tumors.
The WHO (i.e., The World Health Organization) has called for more research into the potential health hazards of mobile phones and has urged people to limit their use of them. A British government inquiry, which concluded that there was no evidence that mobile phones are a danger to health, has advised parents to discourage their children, whose brains are still developing, from using them excessively.
What is the speaker's main topic？
A．Effects of using mobile phones on healthy human cells.
B．Risks of developing cancer involved in the use of mobile phones.
C．Damage to healthy cells caused by the use of mobile phones.
D．The potential health hazards of mobile phones on humans.
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听力原文：M: American researchers have made a discovery that might help them better understand the mysterious sense of smell, VOA's Jessica Bermon reports.
W: There are about a thousand protein receptors in the nose that tell the brain what it's smelling. Each receptor can detect one or more odors but scientists have never before linked a specific odor molecule to a particular receptor. Writing in the journal Science, researchers at New York's Columbia University report doing just that with a meat odor and a receptor in the noses of rats. Steward Fairstine led the team of investigators. He says humans arc capable of discerning something like ten thousand different odors. Mrs. Fairstine says the research might also tell scientists more about brain chemicals and hormones which are part of the same family as odor receptors. Jessica Bermon, VOA news, Washington.
The research was done by scientists at ______.
A．New York University
B．Columbia University in New York
C．Washington University
D．Harvard University
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We humans aren't the only ones who want to fit in. Researchers have discovered that chimpanzees, too, preferentially adopt their fellow chimps' way of doing things.
Andrew Whiten of St. Andrews University in Fife, Scotland, and his colleagues studied three groups of captive chimpanzees and the ways in which they assumed different techniques for obtaining food. The first group contained a high-ranking female that had been taught to retrieve food from an apparatus by using a stick to push a blockage away, thus freeing the food item. The second group also contained a female expert, but one that had been instructed to lift the blockage with the stick in order to release the treat. The third group was a control group and did not have a local expert. When the experts were reunited with their respective group, the other chimps watched their activities at the food apparatus intently and learned to apply either the poking or lifting technique themselves. Members of the third group, lacking an expert to guide them, failed to figure out the contraption on their own.
For the most part, chimps in the first group initially stuck to poking and those in the second group stuck to lifting. But then, unexpectedly, some chimps discovered and began using the other strategy. When the food apparatus was reintroduced two months later, however, the chimps reverted to their group's normal way of doing things. In the case of those animals in the lifting group, this meant discarding a technique (poking) that is actually more natural for chimpanzees than lifting is.
"We have shown a non-human species conforming to a group norm, despite possession of an alternative technique that represents the norm of another group," the team writes in a report published online by the journal Nature. "Conformity fits the assumption of an intrinsic motivation to copy others, guided by social bonds rather than material rewards such as food."
The phrase "fit in" (Line l, Para. I) most likely means ______.
A．suit
B．adopt
C．adjust
D．conform
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Where Have All the Bees Gone？Scientists who study insects have a real mystery on their hands．A11acro...<br/>What is the mystery that researchers find hard to explain?（）
A．Honeybees are flying all across the country.
B．25-40 percent of the honeybees in the US have died.
C．Honeybees are leaving their hives and do not return.
D．Honeybee hives are in disorder．
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Computers have aided in the study of humanities for almost as long as the machines have existed. Decades ago, when the technology consisted solely of massive, number-crunching mainframe. computers, the chief liberal arts applications were in compiling statistical indexes of works of literature. In 1964, IBM held a conference on computers and the humanities where, according to a 1985 article in the journal Science, "most of the conferees were using compeers to compile concordances, which are alphabetical indices used in literary research."
Mainframe. computers helped greatly in the highly laborious task, which dates back to the Renaissance, of cataloging each reference of a particular word in a particular work. Concordances help scholars scrutinize important texts for patterns and meaning. Other humanities applications for computers in this early era of technology included compiling dictionaries, especially for forei8n or antiquated languages, and cataloging library collections.
Such types of computer usage in the humanities may seem limited at first, but they have produced some interesting re suits in the last few years and promise to continue to do so. As computer use and access have grown, so has the number of digitized texts of classic literary works.
The computer-hosed study of literary texts has established its own niche in academia. Donald Foster, an English professor at Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York, is one of the leaders in textual scholarship. In the late 1980s Foster created SHAXICON, a database that tracks all the "rare" words used by English playwright William Shakespeare. Each of these words appears in any individual Shakespeare play no more than 12 times. The words can then be cross-referenced with some 2,000 other poetic texts, allowing experienced researchers to explore when they were written, who wrote them, how the author was influenced by the works of other writers, and how the texts changed as they were reproduced over the centuries.
In late 1995 Foster’s work attracted widespread notice when he claimed that Shakespeare was the anonymous author of an obscure 578-1ine poem, A Funeral Elegy (1612). Although experts had made similar claims for other works in the past, Foster gained the backing of a number of prominent scholars because of his computer-based approach. If Foster’s claim holds up to long-term judgment, the poem will be one of the few additions to the Shakespearean canon in the last 100 years.
Foster’s work gained further public acclaim and validation when he was asked to help identify the anonymous author of the heat-selling political novel Primary Colors (1996). After using his computer program to compare the stylistic traits of various writers with those in the novel, Foster tabbed journalist Joe Klein as the author. Soon after, Klein admitted that he was the author. Foster was also employed as an expert in the case of the notorious Unabomber, a terrorist who published an anonymous manifesto in several major newspapers in 1995.
Foster is just one scholar who has noted the coming of the digital age and what it means for traditional fields such as literature. "For traditional learning and humanistic scholarship to be preserved, it, too, must be digitized," he wrote in a scholarly paper. "The future success of literary scholarship depends on our ability to integrate those electronic texts with our ongoing work as scholars and teachers, and to exploit fully the advantages offered by the new medium."
Foster noted that people can now study Shakespeare via Internet Shakespeare Editions, using the computer to compare alternate wordings in different versions and to consult editorial footnotes, literary criticism, stage history, explanatory graphics, video clips, theater reviews, and archival records. Novelist and literary journalist Gregory Feeley noted that "the simplest (and least radic
A．computers have not been very helpful in humanities study until recently
B．computers were widely used in all kinds of literary texts very long ago
C．computers were invented by International Business Machines Corporation
D．computers began to be used for literary study as soon as they were invented
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Brain researchers have discovered that the formation of new habit can be ______.
A．predicted
B．regulated
C．traced
D．guided
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The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several c
The differences in relative growth of various areas of scientific research have several causes. (1)Some of these causes are completely reasonable results of social needs.Others are reasonable consequences of particular advances in science being to som
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What does the woman imply when she says this: Rught. I have done some research on the public schools in the northeastern states, how they’ve been affected by changes in population, uh, immigrant trend
A．She has completed most of the research that was required for her project．
B．She has not done much research yet and so does not mind changing the focus of her project．
C．She is disappointed that the professor is unfamiliar with her research topiC
D．She believes public schools in the northeastern states were only slightly changed due to immigration．
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We are lucky to have the most advanced equipment in our school ,with which we can finish our research in timeA．很幸运，我们学校拥有最先进的设备，可以用来及时完成研究任务。
B．很幸运，我们及时地找到了从事研究所需要的最完整的设备。
