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In determining the scope of anchor line to pay out when anchoring a small boat，one must consider the（）.
A . charted depth of water only
B . depth of water，including tidal differences
C . time and date of anchoring
D . type of anchor being used
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When anchoring a small sailing vessel in rough weather，the best anchor line would be composed of（）.
A . chain-wire
B . chain-manila
C . chain-nylon
D . all chai
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When attempting to free an anchor jammed in the hawsepipe，the simplest method of freeing it may be（）.
A . Starting the disengaged windlass at high speed
B . Rigging a bull rope to pull it out
C . To grease the hawsepipe
D . To pry it loose with a short piece of pipe
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When taking soundings on a floating ship，the tape should be lowered and brought back quickly to（）.
A . reduce the time the sounding tube is open
B . avoid creating a spark
C . lessen the effect of roll or pitch on the reading
D . lessen the effect of heave on the reading
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The holding power of an anchor increases when the（）.
A . amount of chain lying along the bottom increases
B . length of the catenary is reduced
C . mooring line tension is increased
D . amount of chain lying along the bottom decrease
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When anchoring,it is a common rule of thumb to use a length of chain（）.
A . five to seven times the depth of water
B . seven to ten times the depth of water
C . twice the depth of water
D . twice the depth of water plus the range of tide
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A vessel is（）when she is not at anchor，made fast to the shore，or aground.
A . underway
B . making way
C . dead in the water
D . a power driven vessel
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When is an implicit anchor created?（）
A . When an object is enclosed by another object.
B . When a page break after pagination property is enabled.
C . When a link is created between two objects.
D . When a keep with anchoring object pagination property is enabled.
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Which vessel，when anchored at night，is NOT required to show anchor lights?（）.
A . A power-driven vessel
B . A vessel engaged on pilotage duty
C . A vessel dredging
D . A vessel restricted in her ability to maneuver
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LIFTING THE ANCHOR FROM THE BOTTOM is called（）.
A . broaching the anchor
B . shifting the anchor
C . walking the anchor
D . weighing the anchor
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Lifting the anchor from the bottom is called（）.
A . broaching the anchor
B . shifting the anchor
C . walking the anchor
D . weighing the anchor
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When dropping anchor，you are stationed at the windlass brake．The most important piece（s）of gear is（are）（）.
A . A hard hat
B . A long sleeve shirt
C . Gloves
D . Goggle
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The holding power of an anchor at a given scope of cable increases when the（）.
A . amount of chain lying along the bottom increases
B . length of the catenary is reduced
C . mooring line tension is increased
D . amount of chain lying along the bottom decrease
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The part of the anchor windlass that engages the anchor chain for lifting is called the （）.
A、Cranes
B、Winches
C、Capstans
D、Windlass
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When anchored，increasing the scope of the anchor chain normally serves to（）.
A . prevent fouling of the anchor
B . decrease swing of the vessel
C . prevent dragging of the anchor
D . reduce strain on the windla
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A device commonly used to secure the pendant wire when it is initially passed to an anchor handling vessel is（）.
A . pelican hook
B . connecting link
C . shackle
D . retaining hook
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A drift lead indicates that the vessel is dragging anchor when the line is（）.
A . taut and leading forward
B . slack
C . leading out perpendicular to the centerline
D . leading under the hull
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Anchors are prevented from running out when secured by the（）.
A . brake
B . devil's claw
C . pawls
D . All of the above
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The holding power of an anchor is the（）.
A . maximum sustained vertical load an anchor will resist before dragging
B . maximum sustained horizontal load an anchor will resist before dragging
C . maximum sustained vertical load an anchor will resist before the mooring line breaks
D . maximum sustained horizontal load an anchor will resist before the mooring line break
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The （） is used to handle the anchor.
A . steering gear
B . windlass
C . deck crane
D . warping drum
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When anchoring in calm water, it is best to _____.
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A vessel which has brought any imports or has loaded exports can leave the port only when written permission, known as "port clearance", is granted by the local authorities. （）
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Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant 【1】came to this country, they brought the【2】that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the Protestant work【3】, still【4】America today. Work is not only important for【5】benefits, the salary, but also for social and【6】needs, the【7】of doing something for the good of the society. Americans spend most of their lives working,【8】productive. For most Americans, their work【9】them: they are what they do. What happens,【10】, when a person can no longer wrork？
Most Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire.【11】work is such an important part of life in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retirees often feel that they are useless and【12】Of course, some people are happy to retire; but leaving one's job,【13】it is, is a difficult change,【14】for those who look forward to retiring. Many retirees do not know 15 to use their time or they feel lost without their jobs.
Retirement can also bring【16】problems. Many people depend on Social Security checks every month.【17】their working years, employees【18】a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. Each employer【19】gives a certain percentage to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as【20】.
(1)
A．people
B．immigrants
C．believers
D．followers
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The history of ice cream is amystery. No one knows exactly how and when people began to eat it. There is onestory that the Roman emperor Nero (A.D. 37—68) sent slaves to the mountains tobring back snow. The snow was served to him sweetened with honey and fruit pulp.Marco Polo (1254—1324) tasted flavored ices, too, during his famous travels inthe Far East. He brought the recipes back toItaly.
Recipesfor ices spread fromItalyto the rest of Europe in the 1500’s. The chefs of kings constantly experimentedwith new combinations to please their masters, and at some point cream andbutter were added to the recipes for ice. The new dish was called cream ice.Cream ice, molded into amusing shapes, began to be served on the tables ofkings across Europe. Louis XIV (1638—1715)surprised his court with a dessert of eggs in cups of silver and gilt. Theeggs, of course, were really cream ice.
Graduallycream ice took the name it has today. One of the earliest advertisements forice cream was put in a New Yorkpaper in 1786. The ad announced that “Ladies and gentlemen may be supplied withice- cream every day at the City Tavern by their humble servant, Joseph Crowe.”But ice cream was still not an everyday event. It was usually presented infancy shapes at the end of dinner parties. Policy Madison (1768—1849) was famous for herimaginative dinners, and she was the first to serve ice cream at the WhiteHouse. When her guests came into the dining room, they found a table coveredwith delicious dishes, and in the center of the table, a huge mound of pink icecream on a silver platter.
Icecream was such a delicacy because it was so hard to make. At first it wasbeaten and then shaken by hand in a pan of salt and ice until it became firm. Afreezer that was cranked by hand was developed around 1846. Making ice creamwas still a chore, but cranking the freezer was much easier and faster thanshaking the mixture in a pan.
“Icecream socials” became a popular way to entertain friends. Everyone helped turnthe crank of the freezer, and homemade peach or strawberry ice cream was thereward. The development of the continuous freezer in the 1920’smade the manufacture of ice cream very quick and economical. It soon was easierto buy packaged ice cream than to make it at home. Eskimo pies and popsiclesbegan to be sold at the same time.
Possiblyice cream cones began with the World’s Fair in 1893. Vendors there sold FriedIce Cream. The ice cream was covered with a fritter batter and then quicklydipped in very hot lard or olive oil. Putting the ice cream in an alreadyprepared cone was the next step. Today there are many novelty products, fromfrozen drumsticks to ice cream pies.
16.According to the passage, which of thefollowing served ice cream disguised as eggs？
A. Policy Madison
B. Joseph Crowe
C. Louis XIV
D. Marco Polo
17.Newspaper advertisements for ice cream first appeared in_________.
A.1846
B.1893
C.1768
D.1786
18.The text would most probably be found in_________.
A. a history book
B. anadvertisement
C. a cookingbook
D. an encyclopedia
19. The main purpose of the writer is to_________.
A. explain how ice cream was invented
B. tell us the history of ice cream
C. describe why ice cream is so popular
D. persuade us the difficulties involved inmaking ice cream
20.Ice cream was so delicious, the reason is that_________.
A. it was difficult tomake
B. it was easy to make
C. it was beaten andthen shaken
D. it was complicated tomake
