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Potential subjects should be informed of the research and _ an opportunity to
decide if they want to participate.
A . gave
B . giving
C . give
D . be given
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We can make the new research an（）priority.
A . entire
B . obvious
C . expensive
D . absolute
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A host on the LAN is accessing an FTP server across the Internet. Which of the following addresses could appear as a source address for the packets forwarded by the router to the destination server（）。
A . 10.10.0.1
B . 10.10.0.2
C . 199.99.9.33
D . 199.99.9.57
E . 200.2.2.17
F . 200.2.2.18
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How to do in-text citation in a research paper refers to an informational process.
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A man in an fishing family scored the same on the researcher's questionnaire as his twin, whose father by adoption was the head of the police force.
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A man in an fishing family scored the same on the researcher's questionnaire as his twin, whose father by adoption was the head of the police force.
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As of August 2018,19 Nobel laureateshave been affiliated with MIT as alumni, faculty members or researchers.
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In developing the right product, we shall do an extensive research of the product first.
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The theory by Jauss and Iser is the first time _____ are seen as core in literary research.
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Our college has an international _________ for its teaching and research.
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Research shows that ________ against women influences hiring decisions as well as performance reviews and promotions.
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First published in 1927， the charts remain an ________ source for researchers.
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Research into the Internet in china began in the______.
A．1980's
B．2000's
C．Internet Cafe's
D．1990's
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Nowadays, there have been many arguments against the interview as a selection procedure for future partner. As a result, Internet love is very popular among young people as a means to hunt for an ideal husband or wife. What is your opinion？
Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic:
1. INTERNET LOVE
In the first part of your essay yon should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET FOUR
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Specialisation can be seen as a response to the problem of an increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. By splitting up the subject matter into smaller units, one man could continue to handle the information and use it as the basis for further research. But specialisation was only one of a series of related developments in science affecting the process of communication. Another was the growing professionalisation of scientific activity.
No clear-cut distinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science: exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word "amateur" does carry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into the scientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. The growth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequent requirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems for amateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in those areas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, and can be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the United Kingdom.
A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. Thus, in the nineteenth century, local geological studies represented worthwhile research in their own right; but, in the twentieth century, local studies have increasingly become acceptable to professionals only if they incorporate and reflect on the wider geo logical picture. Amateurs, on the other hand, have continued to pursue local studies in the old way. The overall result has been to make entrance to professional geological journals harder for amateurs, a result that has been reinforced by the wide spread introduction of refereeing, first by national journals in the nineteenth century and then by several local geological journals in the twentieth century. As a logical consequence of this development, separate journals have now appeared aimed mainly towards either professional or amateur readership. A rather similar process of differentiation has led to professional geologists coming together nationally within one or two specific societies, whereas the amateurs have tended either to remain in local societies or to come together nationally in a different way.
Although the process of professionalisation and specialisation was already well under way in British geology during the nineteenth century, its full consequences were thus delayed until the twentieth century. In science generally, however, the nineteenth century must be reckoned as the crucial period for this change in the structure of science.
The growth speeialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as ______.
A．sociology and chemistry
B．physics and psychology
C．sociology and psychology
D．physics and chemistry
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Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is______.
A．cruel but natural
B．inhuman and unacceptable
C．inevitable but vicious
D．pointless and wasteful
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They may not be the richest, but Africans remain the world's staunchest optimists. An annual survey by Gallup International, a research outfit, shows that, when asked whether this year will be better than last, Africa once again comes out on top. Out of 52,000 people interviewed all over the world, under half believe that things are looking up. But in Africa the proportion is close to 60% almost twice as much as in Europe.
Africans have some reasons to be cheerful. The continent's economy has been doing fairly well with South Africa, the economic powerhouse, growing steadily over the past few years. Some of Africa's long-running conflicts, such as the war between the north and south in Sudan and the civil war in Congo, have ended. Africa even has its first elected female head of state, in Liberia.
Yet there is no shortage of downers too. Most of Africa remains dirt poor. Crises in places like Cote d'Ivoire, Sierra Leone and Zimbabwe are far from solved. And the democratic credentials of Ethiopia and Uganda, once the darlings of western donors, have taken a bad knock. AIDS killed over gm Africans in 2005, and will kill more this year.
So is it all just a case of irrational exuberance？ Meril James of Gallup argues that there is, in fact, usually very little relation between the survey's optimism rankings and reality. Africans, this year led by Nigerians, are consistently the most upbeat, whether their lot gets better or not. On the other hand, Greece—hardly the worst place on earth—tops the gloom and doom chart, followed closely by Portugal and France.
Ms James speculates that religion may have a lot to do with it. Nine out of ten Africans are religious, the highest proportion in the world. But cynics argue that most Africans believe that 2006 will be golden because things have been so bad that it is hard to imagine how they could possibly get worse. This may help explain why places that have suffered recent misfortunes, such as Kosovo and Afghanistan, rank among the top five optimists. Moussaka for thought for those depressed Greeks.
The statistics are employed in the first paragraph so as to indicate sort of ______.
A．disparity
B．numbness
C．conformity
D．stagnation
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An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to research into what the call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.
We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem, we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.
Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studying into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original photogragh of themselves’ from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”. If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image- which must did- they genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that, those who self-enhance the must (that is, the participants who thought the most positively doctored picture were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higher self-esteem. “I don’t think the findings that we having have are any evidence of personal delusion”, says Epley. “It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves’. If you are depressed, you won’t be self-enhancing. Knowing the results of Epley ‘s study,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves Viscerally-on one level, they don’t even recognise the person in the picture as themselves, Facebook therefore ,is a self-enhancer’s paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of their wit ,style. ,beauty, intellect and lifestyle. it’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest,says catalina toma of Wiscon—Madison university ,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves.
According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that ______ .
A.our self-ratings are unrealistically high
B.illusory superiority is baseless effect
C.our need for leadership is unnatural
D.self-enhancing strategies are ineffective
Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______ .A.rapid watching
B.conscious choice
C.intuitive response
D.automatic self-defence
Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______ .A.underestimate their insecurities
B.believe in their attractiveness
C.cover up their depressions
D.oversimplify their illusions
The word “Viscerally”(Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning to_____.A.instinctively
B.occasionally
C.particularly
D.aggressively
It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can _____.A.present their dishonest profiles
B.define their traditional life styles
C.share their intellectual pursuits
D.withhold their unflattering sides
请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！
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Psychotherapy for as long as nine months is significantly more effective than short-term treatment for alleviating depression associated with bipolar disease, new research suggests.
The drugs used to treat depression are of limited use in treating the repeating depressive episodes of bipolar illness, according to background information in the article, published last week in The Archives of General Psychiatry.
The researchers studied 293 patients with bipolar disease at 15 medical centers nationwide. They randomly assigned one group of 163 people to one of three kinds of psychotherapy consisting of up to 30—50-minute sessions over nine months.
A second group of 130 patients was assigned to "collaborative care", three sessions over six weeks designed to offer a brief version of the most common psychological and behavioral strategies shown to be beneficial in bipolar illness. The participants, whose average age was 40, were followed for one year, and all were also being treated with mood-stabilizing medicines.
Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on challenging and controlling negative thoughts. In interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, patients concentrate on stabilizing daily routines and resolving interpersonal problems. Family therapy engages family members to help solve problems related to the illness, like failing to take medication properly, and to reduce the number of negative family interactions.
Therapists at each of the 15 medical centers received brief training in the therapies they administered.
"The study included real-world patients experiencing the early phases of a depressive episode", said David J. Miklowitz, the study's lead author. "And the therapists who delivered the treatment were trained by experts in the field with low-intensity training, which is typical of what's available in real-life practice".
Recovery rates after one year were a combined average of 64 percent for the intensive therapy groups, but only 52 percent for those who had brief therapy. In any given month, a patient undergoing longer-term therapy was more than one and a half times as likely to be well as one who had short-term treatment. Family therapy was slightly more effective than interpersonal or cognitive behavioral therapy, but the differences among the types of intensive treatment were not statistically significant.
"This is a monumental study", said a professor of psychiatry who was not involved in the work. "There are no pharmaceutical companies willing to pay for research in psychotherapy, so we don't have many clinical trials". But, she added: "Psychosocial treatment for bipolar illness is not an alternative to medication. It's a supplement".
The cost of long-term therapy is high, and insurance companies are reluctant to cover it. But according to the professor, the cost of not covering it could be higher. "It isn't just the cost of the therapy. It's the long-term cost. Bipolar illness has devastating effects on families as well as on the patients themselves".
The word "bipolar" (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means ______
A．a disease that is the same as depression.
B．a disease that demonstrates alternative depression and its opposite.
C．a disease that can be cured purely by psychotherapy.
D．a disease that may be cured by medicine used for depression.
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The research is designed to contribute to an improved foundation for teacher training and teacher ______.
A．appraisal
B．applause
C．approval
D．appreciation
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Passage Two：Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes (运动员). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning abut oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
第16题：An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ________.
A) to make sports less competitive
B) to make sports more challenging
C) to reduce their mental stress
D) to increase their sense of success
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You are required to write an Englishabstract for your new academic research with less than 300 words.
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An analyst does research about technologically efficient and economically efficient. A method of production is economically efficient when:
A、It uses the most up-to-date technology.
B、The cost of human capital is as low as possible.
C、The cost of producing a given output is as low as possible.
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More research should be done to find out the most effective way of using the Internet to teach English.
A.This sentence gives us the main idea of the "method and procedures" section of the research article.
B.This sentence gives us the main idea of the "introduction" section of the research article.
C.This sentence gives us the main idea of the "conclusion" section of the research article.
D.This sentence gives us the main idea of the " discussion" section of the research article.
