多厂垄断（Multiplant monopoly）

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• 自然垄断（Natural monopoly）

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• 垄断利润是垄断资本家凭借自己在社会生产中的垄断地位而获得的超过平均利润的高额利润。垄断资本的实质就在于获得垄断利润。垄断利润归根到底是来自（）。

  A . 垄断资本家的劳动价值 B . 先进的科学技术 C . 无产阶级和其他劳动人民创造的剩余价值 D . 金融寡头在经济上的“参与制&rdquo

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• 垄断（Monopoly）

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• 根据竞争法对垄断规制的态度不同进行分类，垄断可以分为合法垄断和非法垄断。

  A . 正确 B . 错误

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• 按照参与垄断协议的主体不同，可以把垄断协议分为经济垄断协议和行政垄断协议。（）

  A . 正确 B . 错误

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• 垄断价格包括垄断高价和垄断低价两种形式。垄断高价是指垄断组织出售商品时规定的高于生产价格的价格；垄断低价是指垄断组织在购买非垄断企业所生产的原材料等生产资料时规定的低于生产价格的价格。垄断高价和垄断低价并不否定价值规律，垄断价格的形成只是使价值规律改变了表现形式。因为（）。

  A . 垄断价格不能完全脱离商品的价值 B . 按垄断低价的买卖行为，仍然是等价交换 C . 从整个社会看，商品价格总额和商品价值总额是一致的 D . 垄断高价是把其他商品生产者的一部分利润转移到垄断高价的商品上

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• 垄断价格体系由垄断高价和垄断低价构成。

  A . 正确 B . 错误

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• The monopoly-capitalist group annexed many smaller enterprises last year.

  A . integrated B . merged C . combined D . collected

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• 垄断性公有企业分为财政垄断、（）、经济垄断。

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• 默认情况下，VRRP主路由器每隔多厂时间发送一次通告（）.

  A . 3s B . 1s C . 10s D . 2s

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• Interllectual property is a term referring to creations of the intellect for which a monopoly is assigned to designated owners by law.

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• According to the degree of monopoly, China's telecommunications industry is a ( ).

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• A situation in which an economic market is dominated by a ____ is known as a monopoly.

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• The 1982 Oil and Gas Act gives power to permit the disposal of assets held by the Corporation, and the Corporation's statutory monopoly in the supply of gas for fuel purposes so as to permit private companies to compete in this supply.

  A．defers B．curtails C．triggers D．sparks

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• 垄断组织是指少数资本主义大企业问联合组成的垄断经济同盟。垄断组织通过协议、同盟等形式瓜分和垄断商品生产、销售市场和原料产地，规定垄断价格，对外经济扩张，以此保证高额垄断利润。 下列组织属于垄断组织的是（）。

  A.为了共同管理水库资源，李村和王庄组成协调委员会，凡事必须经它同意才可执行 B.微软等跨国公司 C.北京10多所高校为防止盗版教材进入校园，联合上书教育部加强监管 D.为了反对恐怖组织袭击，世界上的100多个国家组成反恐怖联盟

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• 垄断的无谓损失（Deadweight loss of monopoly) 名词解释

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• 垄断组织获取垄断利润的主要形式是垄断价格。（)

  是 否

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• 完全垄断市场的类型有（）。 Ⅰ．产品完全垄断 Ⅱ．政府完全垄断 Ⅲ．私人完全垄断Ⅳ．地区完全垄断

  A．Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ B．Ⅱ、Ⅲ C．Ⅰ、Ⅲ D．Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ

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• 垄断价格包括垄断高价和垄断低价两种形式。垄断高价是指垄断组织出售商品时规定的高于生产价格的价格；垄断低价是指垄断组织在购买非垄断企业所生产的原材料等生产资料时规定的低于生产价格的价格。垄断高价和垄断低价并不否定价值规律，垄断价格的形成只是使价值规律改变了表现形式。因为

  A．垄断价格不能完全脱离商品的价值 B．按垄断低价的买卖行为，仍然是等价交换 C．从整个社会看，商品价格总额和商品价值总额是一致的 D．整个社会商品的价值仍是由所消耗的社会必要劳动时间决定

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• A patent is an exclusive right given to an inventor for his or her invention. In other words, a patent is a monopoly right given to the inventor for the invention. A patent confers on the inventor the right to price and to sell the invention in any way he or she desires, in the United States, patents are granted by the Patent Office for 17 years. Although economists generally condemn monopoly as a form. of market organization since monopoly imposes costs on the economy, patents present a more subtle case for monopoly theory. Specifically, can patent monopolies be justified？

  In general, economists complain about the costs of monopoly because they believe that the same industry could be organized competitively. A patent monopoly grant for 17 years presents a different problem. That is, the purpose of the patent system is to encourage invention. The issue is not monopoly versus competition but, more fundamentally, invention versus no invention. Is the world better off with the invention, even though it is monopolized for 17 years？ In other words, what are the costs and benefits of a patent？ Consider the simple case of a new consumer product with a positive demand, such as a camera utilizing a new exposure process. The costs of the patent monopoly are simply the deadweight costs of monopoly measured by the lost consumers' surplus from the 17-year patent monopoly. This cost must be assessed carefully in the context of an invention, however. What are the benefits of the patent system？ First, there is the increase in consumer well-being brought about immediately by a desirable invention. In 17 years, the patent monopoly ends, and a second source of benefits arises: The price of cameras will fall to a competitive level, and consumers will reap the benefits of the camera at a lower price. In sum, theory of monopoly helps us to assess the costs and benefits of the patent. One can quibble about patent monopolies, arguing, for example, that they are granted for too long a time. In the end, the patent system creates goods and services and technologies that did not previously exist. In this respect it is a valuable System for the economy. The patent system also underscores the importance of property rights to ideas as a source of economic growth and progress. The first paragraph mainly______. A．focuses on business monopoly B．tells us about the patent system in America C．discusses a special form. of market organization D．defines what a patent is and its function

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• 决定一个厂商垄断势力大小的因素有哪些？简要解释每种因素。What factors determine the amount of monopoly power an individual firm is likely to have？ Explain each one briefly.

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• The monopoly firm’s profit-maximizing price is:

  A．givenbythepointontheATCcurvefortheprofit-maximizingquantity． B．givenbythepointonthedemandcurvefortheprofit-maximizingquantity． C．determinedforthequantityofoutputatwhichMR>MCbythegreatestamount． D．foundwhereMR>MCatthemonopolist’sprofit-maximizingquantityofoutput．

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• Why can a monopoly make an economic profit in the long run？

  A．because there are close substitutes for the firm’s product B．because the firm is protected by barriers to entry C．because the firm produces where MR = MC D．All of the above are reasons why a monopoly can earn an economic profit in the long run．

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• 垄断资本的实质在于获取垄断利润。垄断利润主要是通过垄断组织制定的垄断价格来实现的。垄断价格（）

  A．是垄断组织凭借其垄断地位规定的市场价格 B．等于成本价格加垄断利润 C．包括垄断低价和垄断高价两种 D．否定了价值规律

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