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听力原文： The United States has proposed withdrawing about 1/3 of American troops from South Korea by the end of next year as part of a realignment of forces under discussion with authorities in Seoul. More from VOA correspondent Alex Belida..
The Pentagon confirms that a senior U. S. defense official has presented South Korean authorities with what is termed a "concept proposal" for the withdrawal of 12,500 troops from the Peninsula by the end of next year. There are about 37,000 U. S. troops in South Korea now. The senior official, Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Asian and Pacific Affairs Richard Lawless, unveiled the proposal in talks Sunday in Seoul. Mr. Lawless made clear the 1/3 cut in the U. S. force in South Korea will include a brigade being transferred to Iraq later this year. That move involving 3,600 troops was announced last month. At the time, it was unclear whether the soldiers would return to South Korea at the conclusion of their Iraqi tour. Alex Belida, VOA news, the Pentagon.
According to the proposal, by the end of next year the U. S. will reduce its troops in South Korea by ______.
A．3,600
B．12,500
C．8,900
D．16,100
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听力原文：In spite of stories of prosperity in the United States, not only does poverty exi
听力原文： In spite of stories of prosperity in the United States, not only does poverty exist there, but crimes of various types have been increasing at an alarming rate.
Most types of serious crime increased from 363.5 in every 100,000 people in 2003 to 535.5 in 2004. In that one year, there was one murder committed every 24 minutes, one case of robbery in every 10 minutes and one case of rape in every 7 minutes. The cases of murder involved 21,456 victims. Most acts of violence were committed by young people. 57% of the criminals arrested in 2004 were youths below 25 years of age.
Everyone agrees that crime is partly a result of bad material conditions, poverty, lack of education, living without a settled home, being parentless, sufferings due to other kinds of misfortunes, etc.
There are also other factors than material conditions which are responsible for the sharp increase of the crime rate. In the first place, some states have made laws approving the death penalty but some have not. Secondly, the constitution allows every citizen to carry weapons for his own protection. It is therefore possible aid easy for anyone in the country to get a gun. Finally, there has been too much violence shown on TV and too much violence reported in newspapers of all kinds. The details of the crimes are so accurately described that even children know how to repeat what they have seen or read. All these have resulted in a higher frequency of crimes committed both by professional criminals and by nonprofessional ones such as murder, drug smuggling, robbery, pocket-picking, etc.
(33)
A．The United States is faced with many social problems.
B．Various factors are responsible for the crimes in the United States.
C．New trends have been discovered in the crimes in the United States.
D．The crime rate in the United States is on the rise.
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听力原文：Los Angeles today is the second largest city in America, sprawling over 464 square miles along the southern California coast. It is the center of the entertainment industry, end it has a balmy climate of mostly sunny days.
But there was a time when Les Angeles was nothing more than a tiny Indian village. The Spanish expedition searching for Monterey Bay camped there the night of August 1,1769. Twelve years later, other Spaniards started a settlement at the village, which remained unchanged for decades. Yankee sea traders used the settlement as a port, and the California gold rush brought some new economic life to the village, but the town remained quite small. It was not until the completion of the transcontinental railroads in 1869, and the discovery of oil in the 1890s, that the population began to grow.
Later, during the two world wars, Los Angeles experienced move growth, in part because of the new airplane industry. At about the same time, the arrival of two New York motion picture producers in search of sunny weather marked the beginning of an entertainment industry that has become a multibillion-dollar industry today. In just the past 100 years, this tiny sea village has grown into the sprawling metropolis that we know today.
(27)
A．European expeditions in the 1700s.
B．Famous sites in Los Angeles.
C．The growth of Los Angeles.
D．The entertainment industry.
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听力原文： U.S. authorities have temporarily closed the American consulate in Nigeria's commercial capital, Lagos, because of a security threat. Other diplomatic missions in the city have done the same.
A statement read by a spokeswoman for the U.S. Embassy in Abuja, Claudia Anyaso, said a threat to security was the reason for closing the Lagos consulate Thursday afternoon.
"The U.S. Consulate in Lagos will close, beginning 3:00 p.m. local time June 16, because of a security issue of mutual concern to the U.S. mission in Nigeria and the government of Nigeria. This security issue is being addressed with the help and close collaboration of relevant Nigerian authorities."
U.S. officials would not give specific details on the threat.
The consulate remained closed Friday, while security staff reviewed the situation. It is scheduled to reopen Monday, said an official in Lagos.
The decision by American authorities in Nigeria prompted at least one other foreign mission to follow suit. British officials said their decision to close their consulate in Lagos Friday was a direct result of U. S. security concerns.
Several countries have consulates near the American mission. British officials said other countries had followed the American example.
Nigeria, Africa's most populous country, is home to several festering civil conflicts. An armed struggle for control over the oil-rich Niger Delta regularly leads to the abduction of foreign nationals. Violent clashes frequently erupt between the country's Muslims and Christians.
Al-Qaida leader Osama Bin Laden has cited Nigeria as a candidate for, what he called, "liberation."
Why have U.S. government temporarily closed the American consulate in Lagos？
A．Because of political disturbance there.
B．Because of economic crisis there.
C．Because of security threat there.
D．Because of the workers' strike there.
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听力原文：BRYSON: Well, Amina, thanks for letting me have your draft in such good time.
AMINA: Oh, that's alright. I was just very anxious to hear what you think of it. You can
see that I decided to change the topic - I had been interested in looking at
Barings Factory.
BRYSON: Oh, I think the hospital was a much better choice. In fact.., well... I have to 【Q21】
say that I thought it was good.
AMINA: Oh？
BRYSON: There's still lots of work to be done...
AMINA: Oh yes.., of course.
BRYSON: But there's plenty of good ideas. It opens well and the first chapter is fine but
the middle section really stood out for me... most interesting. 【Q22】
AMNA: That's amazing because I really didn't find it a bit easy to write... 【Q23】
BRYSON: How long did you work on the whole thing？
AMINA: Well, I spent about two or three weeks reading and doing general research and
then I dashed the writing off very quickly.., so about four weeks in all.
BRYSON: Well, that's about par for the course. You've got a while yet to make the changes.
AMINA: Oh right.., no problem...
BRYSON: Right. Let's have a look at my notes here. OK. Starting with section headings
…. the broad divisions are good but you'll have to re-do the actual headings. Example
I've made some suggestions in the margins...
AMINA: OK. Thanks.
BRYSON: Now, this information on local housing... I can see why you put it there but it 【Q24】
really isn't relevant to the approach you've taken.
AMINA: I think I see what you mean.
BRYSON: Now... what did I say about the interviews？
AMNA: I worked very hard on those. I really thought they were valuable.
BRYSON: They are, Amina, but they're very complex and rather unclear at the moment.
You're going to have to spend a bit of time making the data a lot clearer. 【Q25】
AMINA: OK... as long as I don't have to remove them altogether...
BRYSON: No, don't worry.
AMINA: What about the chronology.., the list of dates？ I wasn't sure whether I should
rewrite those.
BRYSON: My advice on that is to take them out. I feel it makes the whole piece appear 【Q26】
too simplistic.
AMINA: OK, if it'll help.
..........................................................................................................................................................
BRSON: Now, there are a couple of other books I'd like you to look at. Have you got a
pen？ Right... Approaches to Local History by John Mervis...
AMINA: Right...
BRYSON: And then I think you need to think about ways of representing interview data.
Have a look at Sight and Sound by Kate Oakwell. 【Q27】
AMINA: Sight and Sound.
BRYSON: Then you know I'm going away on holiday next week...
AMINA: Yes.
BRYSON: So when you've made the changes I suggest you show the work to your 【Q28】
Support Tutor.
AMINA: Support Tutor... right...
BRYSON: Then you do the proof reading... 【Q29】
AMINA: Proof reading.., uh-huh. When by, do you think？
BRYSON: I'd aim for 29 June and after that you should get it laser printed.., but be &nb
A．school.
B．hospital.
C．factory.
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听力原文：For the second consecutive summer, the community center will-be offering American
听力原文： For the second consecutive summer, the community center will-be offering American sign language and performing arts. The series of classes, seminars and workshops are de signed to develop special skills needed to use American sign language on the stage. Beginning and advanced students will learn acting and main techniques. The course last four weeks, credit is awarded by the state college upon completion of program. Classes are also offered for deaf children and adults. For more information on this program, please call 5553080.
What's the main topic of the course？
A．How to teach arts and crafts to children and adults.
B．How to perform. in front of a large audience.
C．How to use sign language in the theater.
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听力原文：The editor in chief called in question the accuracy of the figures in the draft report of the financial news.
(22)
A．The editor in chief didn't know that the figures were accurate.
B．The editor in chief expressed doubt about the accuracy of the figures.
C．The editor in chief questioned the reporter about the accuracy of his article.
D．The editor in chief had telephoned someone and requested for a draft report.
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听力原文：By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American languag
听力原文： By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals, and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861- 1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox -- a precursor of the modem refrigerator, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The common sense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.
Which of the following led to the growth of ice trade according to the passage？
A．The growth of the American population.
B．The expansion of cities.
C．The change of the diet of ordinary citizens.
D．The increasing need for food.
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听力原文：Not until somewhat recently （that is, in terms of human history) did people find
听力原文： Not until somewhat recently (that is, in terms of human history) did people find a need for knowing the time of day. As best we know, 5000 to 6000 years ago great civilizations in the Middle East and North Africa initiated clock-making. With their bureaucracies and formal religions, these cultures found a need to organize their time more efficiently.
The Egyptians were the next to formally divide their day into parts something like our hours. Obelisks (slender, tapering, four-sided monuments) were built as early as 3500 B. C. Their moving shadows formed a kind of sundial, enabling citizens to partition the day into two parts by indicating noon. They also showed the year's longest and shortest days when the shadow at noon was the shortest or longest of the year. Later, markers added around the base of the monument would indicate further time subdivisions.
Another Egyptian shadow clock or sundial, possibly the first portable timepiece, came into use around 1500 B.C. to measure the passage of "hours". This device divided a sunlit day into 10 parts plus two "twilight hours" in the morning and evening. When the long stem with 5 variably spaced marks was oriented east and west in the morning, an elevated crossbar on the east end cast a moving shadow over the marks. At noon, the device was turned in the opposite direction to measure the afternoon "hours".
In the quest for more year-round accuracy, sundials evolved from flat horizontal or vertical plates to more elaborate forms. One version was the hemispherical dial, a bowl shaped depression cut into a block of stone, carrying a central vertical gnomon (pointer) and scribed with sets of hour lines for different seasons. The hemicycle, said to have been invented about 300 B. C. , removed the useless half of the hemisphere to give an appearance of a half bowl cut into the edge of a squared block.
(33)
A．4000 - 5000.
B．50 - 60,000.
C．500 - 600.
D．5000 - 6000.
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听力原文： Lecturer: In the last lecture, we looked...
听力原文： Lecturer: In the last lecture, we looked at the adverse effects of desert dust on global climate. Today we're going to examine more closely what causes dust storms and what other effects they can have. As you know, dust storms have always been a feature of desert climates, but what we want to focus on today is the extent to which human activity is causing them. And it is this trend that I want to look at, because it has wide-ranging implications. So, what are these human activities？ Well, there are two main types that affect the wind erosion process, and thus the frequency of dust storms. There are activities that break up naturally wind-resistant surfaces such as off-road vehicle use and construction and there are those that remove protective vegetation cover from soils, for example, mainly farming and drainage. In many cases the two effects occur simultaneously which adds to the problem.
Let's look at some real examples and see what I'm talking about. Perhaps the best-known example of agricultural impact on desert dust is the creation of the USA's 'dust bowl' in the 1930s. The dramatic rise in the number of dust storms during the latter part of that decade was the result of farmers' mismanaging their land. In fact, choking dust storms became so commonplace that the decade became known as the 'Dirty Thirties'.
Researchers observed a similar, but more prolonged, increase in dustiness in West Africa between the 1960s and the 1980s when the frequency of the storms rose to 80 a year and the dust was so thick that visibility was reduced to 1,000 metres. This was a hazard to pilots and road users. In places like Arizona, the most dangerous dust clouds are those generated by dry thunderstorms. Here, this type of storm is so common that the problem inspired officials to develop an alert system to warn people of oncoming thunderstorms. When this dust is deposited it causes all sorts of problems for machine operators. It can penetrate the smallest nooks and crannies and play havoc with the way things operate because most of the dust is made up of quartz which is very hard. Another example - the concentration of dust originating from the Sahara has risen steadily since the mid-1960s.
This increase in wind erosion has coincided with a prolonged drought, which has gripped the Sahara's southern fringe. Drought is commonly associated with an increase in dust-raising activity but it's actually caused by low rainfall which results in vegetation dying off.
One of the foremost examples of modern human-induced environmental degradation is the drying up of the Aral Sea in Central Asia. Its ecological demise dates from the 1950s when intensive irrigation began in the then Central Asian republics of the USSR. This produced a dramatic decline in the volume of water entering the sea from its two major tributaries. In 1960, the Aral Sea was the fourth-largest lake in the world, but since that time it has lost two-thirds of its volume, its surface area has halved and its water level has dropped by more than 216 metres. A knock-on effect of this ecological disaster has been the release of significant new sources of wind-blown material, as the water level has dropped.
And the problems don't stop there. The salinity of the lake has increased so that it is now virtually the same as sea water. This means that the material that is blown from the dry bed of the Aral Sea is highly saline. Scientists believe it is adversely affecting crops around the sea because salts are toxic to plants.
This shows that dust storms have numerous consequences beyond their effects on climate, both for the workings of environmental systems and for people living in drylands ...
SECTION 4 Questions 31-40
Questions 31-32
Complete the notes using NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer
Main focus of lecture: the impact of 【31】______ on the occurrence of dust st
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听力原文：In southern Italy today, a six-story apartment building collapsed before dawn. As
听力原文： In southern Italy today, a six-story apartment building collapsed before dawn. As many as ninety people were inside. Some people were rescued but many people were trapped in the rubbles and fourteen people are confirmed to be dead.
Where did the disaster probably happen？
A．In southern Italy.
B．In southern Germany.
C．In southern Iran.
D．In southern Iraq.
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听力原文： Most industrialized nations have gone through two major energy transitions. By energy transition we mean a change from one major source of energy to another.
The first major energy transition was from wood to coal. For many centuries people used wood as a primary source of energy. By burning wood people were able to heat their homes, cook their food, and produce basic items. Most early societies grew up near a sufficient supply of wood. The main advantage of wood was that it was easy to get and easy to bum.
During the early 1800's, some towns and villages began to make a transition from wood to coal as a basic source of energy, because they found that coal generally burns longer and at a higher temperature than wood, and a long-burning and hot-burning fuel was badly needed for the machines that were being used at that time. Another advantage of coal was that there was a lot of it and it was also easy to get. Besides, it could be easily shipped to faraway places.
As a result of the transition from wood to coal, industry developed very rapidly. People were able to get more things and their standard of living went up.
The second major energy transition was from coal to oil. We'll discuss it next week.
Why did most early societies grow up near a sufficient supply of wood？
A．Because wood was safer than coal.
B．Because wood burned longer than coal.
C．Because there was more wood than coal.
D．Because they used wood as primary source energy.
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听力原文：A twenty-one-year-old American named Philo Farnsworth built the first working tel
听力原文： A twenty-one-year-old American named Philo Farnsworth built the first working television receiver in nineteen twenty-seven. Many scientists around the world had made important discoveries that led to the development of television. But Philo Farnsworth had recognized as a boy that electrons could capture a picture sent as light and sound waves through the air.
Over the years, the technology has changed and improved. But the idea behind the television broadcast is still the same. TV stations send a powerful signal from a transmitting antenna. An antenna connected to a television set receives the signal.
The problem with this system is that the receiver antenna has to be in line with the transmitting antenna. Mountains or tall buildings can interfere. One solution is cable television.
This system began in the nineteen forties in Pennsylvania. Only a few television stations existed then, and they were in large cities. People in small towns could not receive the signals. So a store owner put an antenna on top of a pole and placed it on a nearby mountain. This antenna received the television signal. Wires led from the antenna to the store. The cable brought clear pictures to the television sets inside. Later, the idea of cable television spread to cities, to provide people with more stations to watch.
Today, people can watch hundreds of stations. And another way to receive them is with a satellite dish antenna. A small round device of the size of a pizza can receive signals from satellites .high above the Earth. The antenna is connected to a special receiver which connects to the television set. Some broadcasts over satellite can be watched free of charge. But the others cost money, just like cable service.
The passage mainly focuses on ______.
A．the importance of TV
B．the function of TV
C．the production of TV
D．the evolution of TV
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听力原文：Interviewer: What’s the name of your company Interviewee: The Atlas Copco Group.I听力原文：Interviewer: What’s the name of your company Interviewee: The Atlas Copco Group. Interviewer: What line of business are you in Interviewee: We’re in the mining and industrial sector. Interviewer: What goods or services does your company provide Interviewee: We make compressors and other equipment for the mining and construction industries. Interviewer: How many employees does your company have Interviewee: Over 21,000 world-wide. Interviewer: Where are your headquarters Interviewee: In Sweden, in the capital, Stockholm. Interviewer: Where are your main markets Interviewee: Well, we operate world-wide, but our main market is the Europe Union. （）
A．The mining industry．
B．The service industry．
C．The construction industry．
D．The light industry．
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听力原文：M: American researchers have made a discovery that might help them better understand the mysterious sense of smell, VOA's Jessica Bermon reports.
W: There are about a thousand protein receptors in the nose that tell the brain what it's smelling. Each receptor can detect one or more odors but scientists have never before linked a specific odor molecule to a particular receptor. Writing in the journal Science, researchers at New York's Columbia University report doing just that with a meat odor and a receptor in the noses of rats. Steward Fairstine led the team of investigators. He says humans arc capable of discerning something like ten thousand different odors. Mrs. Fairstine says the research might also tell scientists more about brain chemicals and hormones which are part of the same family as odor receptors. Jessica Bermon, VOA news, Washington.
The research was done by scientists at ______.
A．New York University
B．Columbia University in New York
C．Washington University
D．Harvard University
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听力原文： The Bolivian president Carlos Mesa has announced his resignation after mass protests calling for constitutional reform. and the nationalization of the energy industry. Mr. Mesa said in a live television address, that he could do no more for Bolivia.
Our South America correspondent Eliot Gotkin reports from La Paz:
In presenting his resignation an emotional President said that he bad gone as far as he could go. He blamed his decision on the intransigence of the protesters. For weeks they have blocked roads and paralyzed La Paz. Violence has grown and fuel in Bolivia's main city has pretty much run out. Mr. Mesa described the protestors as a minority trying to impose their will on the majority. He said they had taken advantage of his promise not to use force to crush the demonstrations. It is still unclear whether Congress will accept the President's resignation. The last time he presented it in March Parliament refused.
When did Bolivian president Carlos present his resignation to Parliament last time？
A．in February
B．in March
C．in April
D．in May
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听力原文：Hast: Today, we're going to examine some of the complexities involved in managing today's Internet. And our industrial expert here for us today is Matthew Flanigan, President of the Telecommunications Industry Association. Matt, many thanks. Welcome to the program. What are some of the key issues that we're still grapping with when trying to maximize the Internet's sufficiency？
Matt Flanigan, President, TIA: Well, today I would say speed and bandwidth. Especially, a little smile up to the consumer' is probably a big issue holding back the Internet. But security is also important with electronic commerce. And until they really solve that, people are not gonna feel secure.
Host: All right. Well, Let's introduce our guest.
We're joined by an executive from Effnet: Tomas Althen. Welcome to the program. We're delighted to have you. Tomas, let's start with this. What sort of Internet issue is Effnet dealing with？ What kind of solutions do you bring to the table？
Tomas Althen, CEO, Effnet Group: The Internet is growing at a very rapid speed at the moment. As you must know, the number of users doubles every year. However, also the information on the net doubles every month. And this calls up the two issues we have been hearing about here, speed and security.
Host: Well, let's look at more details. Look at this video about the city council of Stockholm, Sweden.
Narrator on the video: Here is the power. The politicians and high civil servants at Stockholm County Council are used to having access to qualified information. Now with everyone using Internet and Intranet, some information has to remain secret. The decision on how to do this are mad here at IT Control. They have found the way to let 10, 000 employees use the Internet but some information can still be accessed only by qualified people.
This is the firewall keeping the information system secure. A box in the basement with software from Effnet. Scandinavia is known for its technology. Cellular phones and Internet are part of daily life. And here in Sweden there are some young, very innovative up-starting companies. One is Effnet, founded in 1997 and already on the world market.
As the world demands speed and security and reliability, Effnet's gigabit router on a card makes security easier. The generic plug-in card, firewaller and router in one, proves that they are ready to meet the world demand.
Host: Well, how does the firewall work？ We were told a few days ago that one of the new methods of transmission was to break everything up into little packets, send them all into the Internet and hope they arrive in the same order, and so on. Is the protection of these packets from being raided is this the principle task of the firewall？
Tomas Althen: You can say that in one sense. You also don't want packets to come in to your data system, or into your network, packets which you don't want to be there. You want to be able to decide for yourself as an organization or as a company: hey, I don't want these guys to be able to access my treasure. And to do that you need to do some filtering. You need to decide which packets are allowed, which packets are not allowed. You have to do that very fast so you don't end up with yet another bottleneck. And we solved that problem.
Host: Let's look ahead a couple of years and have you estimate for us how you see this technology evolving. What do you think will be different or new on the horizon in a couple of years？ Tomas？
Tomas Althen: More and more has been put into smaller and smaller spaces. We are making quite a leap in putting all these features on one card. But the next step is clearly putting them on one chip. And we are talking to chip vendors to try to do that as quickly as reasonable.
They usually say that one year in this business is seven ordinary years. So, that would be 14 years from now. We'll see things more and more integrated. For Effnet, in two years I would s
A．The quality of being easy to use.
B．For most of us, broadband access is years in the future.
C．To maximize the Internet's sufficiency.
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听力原文：Nike is one of the most powerful marketing companies in the business world today, but it had very small beginnings. The global giant company stated in the 1960s with the company's founders selling cheap Japanese sport shoes to American high school athletes at school track meetings, using a supply of shoes they kept in their cars.
What is the purpose of this talk？
A．Introducing a product
B．Telling a company's history
C．Complaining a product
D．Promoting sales
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听力原文：If Jack could have fixed the lamp in the hallway, he wouldn't have called in an electrician.
(24)
A．Jack could not repair the lamp and it was repaired by an electrician.
B．The lamp was so badly damaged that Jack had to buy a new one.
C．Jack didn't ask an electrician to repair the lamp, although it was badly damaged.
D．Jack could repair the lamp himself, but he didn't bother and called in an electrician.
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听力原文：The merger of these two companies is not a conglomeration of the weaker into the stronger, but a willing marriage of the two giants in the IT industry and fine model of pursuing a win-win strategy.
______
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听力原文：The US government counts more than a quarter of all American adults, 28% of all, who have at least a bachelor's degree now; that compares to 24% back in 2000, and it's a very big rise.
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听力原文：Oil-rich countries like Saudi Arabia and Kuwait have spent billions of dollars developing desalination plants along with other technologies to help insure a continued flow of useable water. Even so, the demand for water in those countries continues to outpace the creation of additional water supplies. With rapidly increasing populations and industries in Israel, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon and the Palestinian territories, the threat of serious water shortages has led to increased political tensions.
Which of the countries mentioned contributed a lot to maintain the flow of usable water in the passage？
A．Saudi Arabia, Israel
B．Jordan, Syria
C．Saudi Arabia, Kuwait
D．Lebanon, the Palestinian territories
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听力原文：W: Fm learning a lot in my philosophy class. Have you ever taken any courses in that department？
M: Only the one last year, none since then.
Q: What does the man mean？
(16)
A．He couldn't make any sense out of his course.
B．He hasn't taken more then one philosophy course.
C．He is a philosophy major.
D．He hasn't taken any philosophy course in that department.
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听力原文: The traditional American Thanksgiving Da...
听力原文： The traditional American Thanksgiving Day celebration goes back to 1621. In that year a special feast was prepared in Plymouth, Massachusetts. The colonists who had settled there had left England because they felt denied of religious freedom. They came to the new land and faced difficulties in coming across the ocean. The ship which carried them was called the Mayflower. The North Atlantic was difficult to travel. There were bad storms. They were assisted in learning to live in the new land by the Indians who in habited the region. The Puritans, as they were called, had much to be thankful for. Their religious practices were no longer a source of criticism by the government. They learned to adjust their fanning habits to the climate and soil. When they selected the fourth Thursday of November for their Thanksgiving celebration, they invited their neighbors, the Indians, to join them in dinner and a prayer of gratitude for the new life. They recalled the group of 102 men, women, and children who left England. They remembered their dead who did not live to see the shores of Massachusetts. They reflected on the 65 days' journey which tested their strength.
What is the best title for this passage？
A．First Settlers in Plymouth.
B．Puritans and Indians.
C．Mayflower.
D．American Thanksgiving Day.
