Is language, like food, a basic human need without which a child at a critical period of life can be starved and damaged？ Judging from the drastic experiment of Frederick Ⅱ in the thirteenth century, it may be. Hop hag to discover what language a child would speak if he heard no mother tongue, he told the nurses to keep silent.
All the infants died before the first year. But clearly there was more than lack of language here. What was missing was good mothering. Without good mothering, ill the first year of life especially, the capacity to survive is seriously affected.
Today no such severe lack exists as that ordered by Frederick. Nevertheless, some children are still backward in speaking. Most often the reason for this is that the mother is insensitive to the signals of the in fact, whose brain is programmed to learn language rapidly. If these sensitive periods are neglected, the ideal time for acquiring skills passes and they might never be learned so easily again. A bird learns to sing and to fly rapidly at the right time, but the process is slow and hard once the critical stage has passed.
Experts suggest that speech stages are reached in a fixed sequence and at a constant age, but there are cases where speech tins started late in a child who eventually turns out to be of high IQ. At twelve weeks a baby smiles and makes vowel-like sounds; at twelve months he can speak simple words and understand simple commands; at eighteen months he has a vocabulary of three to fifty words. At three he knows about 1000 words which he can put into sentences, and at four he knows iris language differs from that of his parents in style. rather than grammar.
Recent evidence suggests that an infant is born with the capacity of speaking. What is special about man's brain, compared with that of the monkey, is the complex system which enables a child to connect the sight and feel of, say, a toy-bear with the sound pattern "toy-bear". And even more incredible is the young brain's ability to pick out an order in language from the mixture of sound around him, to analyze, to combine and recombine the parts of a language in new ways.
But speech has to be induced, and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child, where the mother recognizes the signals in the child's babbling, grasping and smiling, and responds to them. Insensitivity of the mother to these signals dulls the interaction because the child gets discouraged and sends out on- ly the obvious signals. Sensitivity to the child's non-verbal signals is essential to the growth and development of language.
The purpose of the Frederick Ⅱ's experiment was ______.
A．to prove that children are bom with the ability to speak
B．to discover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speech
C．to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speak
D．to prove that a child would be damaged without learning a language
时间：2023-10-07 16:20:58
相似题目
-
（）is used to protect goods not to be deteriorated like food and medicine.
A . packaging
B . Green Packaging
C . Vacuum packaging
D . Special packaging
-
Language is a logical system.（）
A . 正确
B . 错误
-
Young children are harsh food critics - things that they like are “ yummy ”, while everything else is just “yucky.”（）
A . 年幼的孩子是苛刻的食物批评家–他们喜欢的食物就是“美味佳肴”，而其他一切都“令人讨厌”。
B . 幼童说话语气不小，美食评论张口便叫，只要喜欢就是“美妙”，一不喜欢就让“丢掉”。
C . 小孩是很严厉的美食评论家，他们喜欢吃的食物就是“美味”，其余的都是“垃圾”。
D . 儿童都是美食家，批评起来毫不留情：喜欢的东西就是“好吃的”，其他的都是“难吃的”。
-
A diachronic study of language is the description of language at some point in time.
A . 正确
B . 错误
-
A doggy bag is used for packing food for the pup.
-
Interethnic groups share a common origin or heritage that's apt to influence a family name, language, religion, values and the like
-
To master a foreign language like English requires hard work, so you _____ study too hard.
-
Interethnic groups share a common origin or heritage that's apt to influence a family name, language, religion, values and the like
-
The haggis is a traditional ( )food.
-
Our Chinese philosophy about food and health is that food can actually be made into a beneficial medicine for what we call food therapy.
-
We ______ that food price is likely to go down.
-
Obtaining enough food is the first concern for every nation; in some countries food shortages have become a serious problem.
-
Being able to speak a foreign language _ is a good skill.
-
Speakers of a language whose future markers are obligatory are 30% less likely to save money for rite future.
-
听力原文：A: Can we eat somewhere else？ Very few small restaurants like this serve good food.
B: I know, but there isn't anywhere else in this town. Look! The waiter is coming over for our order.
What do they think about the restaurant？
A．The service there is not good.
B．The food might not be good.
C．The waiter is not hospitable.
D．The restaurant is too small.
-
A______ is a variety of a language that is not a native language of anyone, but is learned on contact situation such as trading.
A．pidgin
B．creole
C．dialect
D．lingua franca
-
The systematic knowledge of a second language which is independent of both the first language and the target language is called
A．developing language.
B．interlanguage.
C．interim language.
D．constructing language.
-
Most new words are made up from other earlier words; language-making is a conservative process, wasting little. When new words unfold out of old ones, the original meaning usually hangs around like an unrecognizable scent, a sort of secret.
There are two immense words from Indo-European, gene and bheu, each a virtual anthill in itself, from which we have constructed the notion Of everything. At the beginning or as far back as they are traceable, they meant something like being. Gene signified beginning, giving birth, while bheu indicated existence and growth. Gene turned itself successively into kund jaz (Germanic) and gecynd (Old English), meaning kin or kind. Kind was at first a family connection, later an elevated social rank, and finally came to rest meaning kindly or gentle. Meanwhile, a branch of gene became the Latin gens which emerged as genus, genius, genital, and generous; then still holding on to its inner significance it became "nature" (out of gnasci).
While gene was evolving into "nasture" and "kind" bheu was moving through similar transformations. One branch became the English word "build". It also moved into Greek, as phuein, meaning to bring forth and make grow; then as phusis, which was another word for nature. Phusis became the source of physic which at first meant natural science and later was the word for medicine. Still later, physic became physics.
Both words, at today's stage of their evolution, can be taken together to mean, literally, everything in the universe. You do not come by words like this easily; they cannot just be made up from scratch. They need long lives before they can signify. "Everyting," C. S. Lewis observed in a discussion of the words, "is a subject on which there is not much to be said." The words themselves must show the internal marks of long use; they must contain their own inner conversation.
The passage is mainly concerned with ______.
A．how to coin new words
B．where to trace the origin of language
C．the evolution of words
D．language and nature
此题为多项选择题。
-
英译中 Both language and culture are learned by children without special organized programs of instruction, but motivation to learn is very high since language is the most effective means for a child to obtain what he or she wants. If the learning of a new language begins before lower adolescence, one is likely to be able to speak such a language with complete naturalness, but if learned after upper adolescence some hangover of a mother-tongue feature is very likely to persist. But not only do languages exhibit such learning patterns, but so do cultural traits, for example, shaking hands, kissing, and embracing.
Although many persons assume that languages exist in dictionaries and grammars, in fact they only exist in people's heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a they only exist in people's heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a person's value system when crucial decisions need to be made before there is any time to think about alternatives, for example, diving into a flooding stream to rescue a drowning child.
-
There is a food （） center
A．shop；shop
B．shopping；shopping
C．shop；shopping
-
The behavior of learning a language is___（）
A．a purely instrumental matter
B．a tool in the service of purpose
C．a tool in the service of belief
D．a public inheritance
-
Have you ever noticed advertisements which say “Learn a foreign language in six weeks, or your money back! From the first day your pronunciation will be excellent.Just send...” and so on？ Of course, it never happens quite like that.The only language that is easy to learn is the mother tongue.Think how much practice that gets! Before the Second World War people usually learnt a foreign language in order to read the literature of the country.Now speaking a foreign language is what most people want.Every year many millions of people start learning one.
Some people try at home, with books and records or tapes; some use radio or television programmes; others go to evening classes.If they use the language only twice or three times a week, learning it will take a long time.A few people try to learn a language fast by studying for six or more hours a day.It is clearly easier to learn the language in the country
where it is spoken.However, most people cannot afford this, and for many it is not necessary.They need the language in order to do their work better.For example, scientists and doctors chiefly need to be able to read books and reports in the foreign language.Whether the language is learnt quickly or slowly, it is hard work.Machines and good books will help, but they cannot do the student's work for him.
36.The advertisements say it would be easy to().
A.speak your native language better
B.keep in mind any foreign language
C.learn a foreign language within several weeks
D.learn by heart a foreign language
37.Nowadays most people want to learn()according to the text.
A.about the country where a language is spoken
B.to speak a foreign language
C.to read essays in the foreign language
D.to write in the foreign language
38.Before the World War people usually learnt a foreign language in order to()
A.communicate with their foreign friends
B.read the foreign newspaper
C.read the literacy works of the country
D.work in that foreign country
39.If you only use the language twice or three times a week,().
A.it is easy to learn it well
B.it will take a long time to learn the foreign language
C.you will never learn the language well
D.perhaps you will learn harsh language
40.No matter how quickly or slowly you want to learn a foreign language, you need to ().
A.read books
B.read reports
C.visit the country
D.work hard
-
Fast food doesn t seem like a good idea, for it is______.
A．nutritious
B．unhealthy
C．balanced
D．tasty
-
However, seafood is a highly perishable food item which is increasingly global traded so that a lot of particular conditions and difficulties more have to be taken into account compared to other food
